Gene editing of CCR5 in autologous CD4 T cells of persons infected with HIV
- PMID: 24597865
- PMCID: PMC4084652
- DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1300662
Gene editing of CCR5 in autologous CD4 T cells of persons infected with HIV
Abstract
Background: CCR5 is the major coreceptor for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We investigated whether site-specific modification of the gene ("gene editing")--in this case, the infusion of autologous CD4 T cells in which the CCR5 gene was rendered permanently dysfunctional by a zinc-finger nuclease (ZFN)--is safe.
Methods: We enrolled 12 patients in an open-label, nonrandomized, uncontrolled study of a single dose of ZFN-modified autologous CD4 T cells. The patients had chronic aviremic HIV infection while they were receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy. Six of them underwent an interruption in antiretroviral treatment 4 weeks after the infusion of 10 billion autologous CD4 T cells, 11 to 28% of which were genetically modified with the ZFN. The primary outcome was safety as assessed by treatment-related adverse events. Secondary outcomes included measures of immune reconstitution and HIV resistance.
Results: One serious adverse event was associated with infusion of the ZFN-modified autologous CD4 T cells and was attributed to a transfusion reaction. The median CD4 T-cell count was 1517 per cubic millimeter at week 1, a significant increase from the preinfusion count of 448 per cubic millimeter (P<0.001). The median concentration of CCR5-modified CD4 T cells at 1 week was 250 cells per cubic millimeter. This constituted 8.8% of circulating peripheral-blood mononuclear cells and 13.9% of circulating CD4 T cells. Modified cells had an estimated mean half-life of 48 weeks. During treatment interruption and the resultant viremia, the decline in circulating CCR5-modified cells (-1.81 cells per day) was significantly less than the decline in unmodified cells (-7.25 cells per day) (P=0.02). HIV RNA became undetectable in one of four patients who could be evaluated. The blood level of HIV DNA decreased in most patients.
Conclusions: CCR5-modified autologous CD4 T-cell infusions are safe within the limits of this study. (Funded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and others; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00842634.).
Figures
Comment in
-
Engineering cellular resistance to HIV.N Engl J Med. 2014 Mar 6;370(10):968-9. doi: 10.1056/NEJMe1400593. N Engl J Med. 2014. PMID: 24597871 No abstract available.
-
[Gene therapy in HIV infection: proof-of-concept in 12 patients].Med Mal Infect. 2014 May;44(5):239-40. doi: 10.1016/j.medmal.2014.03.011. Med Mal Infect. 2014. PMID: 25035879 French. No abstract available.
Similar articles
-
A phase II randomized study of HIV-specific T-cell gene therapy in subjects with undetectable plasma viremia on combination antiretroviral therapy.Mol Ther. 2002 Jun;5(6):788-97. doi: 10.1006/mthe.2002.0611. Mol Ther. 2002. PMID: 12027564 Clinical Trial.
-
Positive results with autologous transplant of ZFN-modified CD4 T-cells: a step toward a practical, functional cure for HIV.AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2011 Nov;25(11):693. doi: 10.1089/apc.2011.9865. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2011. PMID: 22023317 No abstract available.
-
CD4+ count-guided interruption of antiretroviral treatment.N Engl J Med. 2006 Nov 30;355(22):2283-96. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa062360. N Engl J Med. 2006. PMID: 17135583 Clinical Trial.
-
Targeting CCR5 for anti-HIV research.Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2014 Nov;33(11):1881-7. doi: 10.1007/s10096-014-2173-0. Epub 2014 Jun 11. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2014. PMID: 25027072 Review.
-
Hematopoietic-stem-cell-based gene therapy for HIV disease.Cell Stem Cell. 2012 Feb 3;10(2):137-47. doi: 10.1016/j.stem.2011.12.015. Cell Stem Cell. 2012. PMID: 22305563 Free PMC article. Review.
Cited by 483 articles
-
Purification of Human CD34+CD90+ HSCs Reduces Target Cell Population and Improves Lentiviral Transduction for Gene Therapy.Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev. 2020 Jul 15;18:679-691. doi: 10.1016/j.omtm.2020.07.010. eCollection 2020 Sep 11. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev. 2020. PMID: 32802914 Free PMC article.
-
Ready for Repair? Gene Editing Enters the Clinic for the Treatment of Human Disease.Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev. 2020 Jul 3;18:532-557. doi: 10.1016/j.omtm.2020.06.022. eCollection 2020 Sep 11. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev. 2020. PMID: 32775490 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Virus-Specific T Cell Therapies for HIV: Lessons Learned From Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2020 Jul 7;10:298. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00298. eCollection 2020. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2020. PMID: 32775304 Free PMC article. Review.
-
In vivo locus-specific editing of the neuroepigenome.Nat Rev Neurosci. 2020 Sep;21(9):471-484. doi: 10.1038/s41583-020-0334-y. Epub 2020 Jul 23. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2020. PMID: 32704051 Review.
-
THE GORDON WILSON LECTURE: THE ETHICS OF HUMAN GENOME EDITING.Trans Am Clin Climatol Assoc. 2020;131:99-118. Trans Am Clin Climatol Assoc. 2020. PMID: 32675851 Free PMC article.
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
Associated data
Grant support
LinkOut - more resources
-
Full Text Sources
-
Other Literature Sources
-
Medical