Contents
Vol 369, Issue 6506
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Special Issue
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Mud
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Feature
- A muddy legacy
A dozen years after two scientists showed how centuries-old mud has smothered many U.S. streams, their ideas are guiding restoration efforts.
- The mud is electric
Bacteria that conduct electricity are transforming how we see sediments.
- Next up: a phone powered by microbial wires?
Electric bacteria show potential for a wide range of practical applications.
- A dam big problem
A string of catastrophic failures has raised alarm about dams meant to contain muddy mine wastes.
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Contents
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This Week in Science
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Editorial
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Editors' Choice
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In Brief
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In Depth
- Critics question whether novel reactor is ‘walk-away safe’
Design approval nears for NuScale Power's small modular reactors, but deployment plans slip 3 years.
- Paradox puts objectivity on shaky footing
Quantum test of venerable thought experiment suggests facts are relative.
- Coronavirus creates a flu season guessing game
SARS-CoV-2's interactions with other pathogens remain unknown as winter looms.
- Pandemic's fallout on malaria control appears limited so far
Countries avert disaster by resuming bed net campaigns.
- Pandemic lockdown stirs up ecological research
Biologists launch studies of how wildlife around the world responded to the "anthropause."
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Working Life
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Letters
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Books et al.
- One step forward, two steps back
Interest groups and state-level political inertia have stalled many of America's clean energy initiatives
- Ray Bradbury, luminary of the space age, at 100
A new biography chronicles the golden years of Earth's first martian
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Policy Forum
- Knowledge transfer for large-scale vaccine manufacturing
Massive, rapid production will require firms to share know-how not just about what to make but how to make it
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Perspectives
- The foundation of efficient robot learning
Innate structure reduces data requirements and improves robustness
- A glycoprotein in urine binds bacteria and blocks infections
Direct imaging of a human fluid illuminates the molecular basis of urinary tract protection from disease
- When the smallest details count
The type of liquid crystals formed by smooth colloidal rods depends on their degree of curvature
- Remodeling vasculature to avoid blindness
Pathological vasculature marks itself for repair by deploying neutrophil extracellular traps
- Immunotherapy with a sting
New agonists of an innate immune pathway induce antitumor immunity in mice
- Past, present, and future of lead–acid batteries
Improvements could increase energy density and enable power-grid storage applications
- James G. Townsel (1935–2020)
Neuroscientist and devoted mentor of diverse scientists
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Review
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Research Articles
- Neutrophil extracellular traps target senescent vasculature for tissue remodeling in retinopathy
Remodeling of senescent vascular endothelial cells in the retina is mediated through neutrophil extracellular traps.
- An orally available non-nucleotide STING agonist with antitumor activity
Discovery and molecular pharmacology of non-nucleotide STING agonists that induce “closed” STING conformation and antitumor immunity are described.
- Cross-reactivity between tumor MHC class I–restricted antigens and an enterococcal bacteriophage
A bacteriophage found in commensal bacteria can modulate the effects of cancer immunotherapy.
- BTN3A1 governs antitumor responses by coordinating αβ and γδ T cells
BTN3A1, a member of the butyrophilin family of proteins, coordinates αβ and γδ T cell responses against cancer.
- Shaping colloidal bananas to reveal biaxial, splay-bend nematic, and smectic phases
Robust bulk production of smoothly curved colloidal rods is achieved from a commercially available epoxy-based photoresist.
- Isolation of potent SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies and protection from disease in a small animal model
Passive transfer of a neutralizing antibody provides protection against disease in high-dose SARS-CoV-2 challenge in Syrian hamsters.
- Synchronous timing of abrupt climate changes during the last glacial period
Rapid climate changes occurred synchronously throughout middle and high latitudes during the last glacial period.
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Reports
- Asymmetric remote C–H borylation of aliphatic amides and esters with a modular iridium catalyst
A ligand that binds both iridium and an amide or ester directs borylation exclusively three carbons away from the carbonyl.
- Attosecond spectroscopy of liquid water
Attosecond spectroscopy revealed a difference in time delays between photoemission from the liquid and gas phases of water.
- Covalent surface modifications and superconductivity of two-dimensional metal carbide MXenes
Substitution and elimination reactions in molten inorganic salts modified two-dimensional transition-metal carbide surfaces.
- SOSTDC1-producing follicular helper T cells promote regulatory follicular T cell differentiation
Sclerostin domain-containing protein 1 regulates humoral immunity by promoting the generation of regulatory follicular T cells.
- Julich-Brain: A 3D probabilistic atlas of the human brain’s cytoarchitecture
A virtual human brain containing cytoarchitectonic maps of cortical areas and subcortical nuclei can help in the interpretation of neuroimaging.
- Antitumor activity of a systemic STING-activating non-nucleotide cGAMP mimetic
Discovery and molecular pharmacology of non-nucleotide STING agonists that induce “closed” STING conformation and antitumor immunity are described.
- Abrupt CO2 release to the atmosphere under glacial and early interglacial climate conditions
Centennial-scale CO2 releases to the atmosphere have occurred during both cold and warm climate states in the past.
- Architecture and function of human uromodulin filaments in urinary tract infections
Uromodulin filaments in human urine associate with uropathogens and mediate bacterial aggregation and clearance.
- Studies in humanized mice and convalescent humans yield a SARS-CoV-2 antibody cocktail
A noncompeting antibody cocktail to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein safeguards against the ability of virus mutations to lead to antibody resistance.
- Antibody cocktail to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein prevents rapid mutational escape seen with individual antibodies
A noncompeting antibody cocktail to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein safeguards against the ability of virus mutations to lead to antibody resistance.
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Erratum
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About The Cover
COVER The muddy Markarfljót River in Iceland carries a heavy load of sediment to the sea. Throughout the world, mud—a mix of fine sediment and water—is one of the most common and consequential substances. For better and worse, humans are now heavily influencing how mud forms and where it piles up. See page 894.
Photo: Arctic-Images/Getty Images
