Mexico has not determined the regulatory status of gene editing in plants or plant products. Gene-edited products are regulated under laws established for transgenic GMOs, which are highly restrictive. There is little research and no products in development.
The Secretariat of Health (SALUD) is responsible for regulating food and feed, but there have been no approvals for food or feed products of biotechnology since May 2018.
Products/Research
None
Regulatory Timeline
2016: The Mexican state of Yucatan declares itself “GMO” free zone, including all genetically engineered crops and products. The Decree issued without the SAGARPA endorsement and is challenged by the Federal Government.
2013: Planting genetically modified maize in Mexico prohibited, pending the outcome of a lawsuit.
2012: SAGARPA and SEMARNAT publish the Agreement to Determine the Centers of Origin and Centers of Genetic Diversity of Corn in Mexico. This Agreement restricts the storage and movement of GE corn and includes a map delineating areas where the use of GE corn seed is forbidden.
2005: Mexican Biosafety Law is passed, which regulates the research, production, and marketing of biotech-derived products.
2002: Mexican Senate ratifies Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety (CPB), which obligates Mexico to pass domestic legislation harmonizing its domestic laws with international obligations. This leads to the passing the Mexican Biosafety Law in 2005.
NGO Reaction
NGOs are active detractors of biotechnology in Mexico. In addition, many consumers have concerns about the integrity of Mexico’s native corn species because corn is a symbol of heritage.
Additional Resources
- Genes and Science’s FAQ on gene editing
- Library of Congress summary of Mexico gene regulations includes detailed analysis of the country’s evolving biosafety laws and liabilities
- USDA Biotechnology Annual 2020: Mexico